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Rua de Barreiros, 74,
4715-166 Nogueira,
Braga, Portugal

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Braga, Portugal

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Store:
Rua de Barreiros, 74,
4715-166 Nogueira,
Braga, Portugal

Warehouse:
Rua do Monte de S. Bento, lote 11 e 12,
4705-700 Fradelos,
Braga, Portugal

E-mail:
info@euromipe.com

Phone:
+351 253 257 148 (Seg-Sex: 9h00-19h00) (Chamada para a rede fixa nacional)

Fluorine

Fluorine

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In this category you will find a selection of products that contain Fluorine as one of their main raw materials.

 

Fluorine

Fluorine is the 13th most abundant element in nature – and also the most electronegative of the halogens, a group that also includes chlorine, bromine and iodine. With great ability to react with other chemical elements and form organic and inorganic compounds, fluorine is present in the air, soil and water. Its concentration varies widely: it is usually 0.05 to 1.90 micrograms in air, but in certain factory environments it can reach up to 1.4 mg F/m3; in soil it is generally found from 20 to 500 parts per million (ppm) but there are reports of up to 8,500ppm; and in sea water it is around 1.0ppm, ranging between 0.8 and 1.4ppm. In water, the highest fluoride concentration was detected in Lake Nakuru, Kenya: 2,800ppm. Concentrations above 10ppm were recorded in regions of Mexico and the United States and in several countries in Africa.

 

Fluoride's mechanism of action

For many years, since the preventive effect of fluoride was discovered, it was believed that its preventive effectiveness stemmed from the ion's ability to form fluorapatite instead of hydroxyapatite, in the process of forming dental enamel prisms (Chaves, 1977). ). This led to the acceptance that, once exposed to fluoride during the period of tooth formation, the preventive benefit would be permanent for the individual (Viegas 1989). It is currently known that this is not the case. Despite forming a certain amount of fluoride apatite in the mineralization process, the mechanism by which fluoride confers greater resistance to dental enamel occurs on the surface of this structure, throughout life, by successive episodes of demineralization and surface remineralization, triggered by pH drop resulting from the production of acids from carbohydrates. The continuous presence, throughout the life of the individual, of small amounts of fluoride in the oral environment is, therefore, essential for the preventive effect to manifest itself, with the formation of calcium fluoride in the remineralization stage (Cury, 1992). . It is assumed that this new surface, containing fluorine, is much less soluble in acids than the original enamel surface (Featherstone, 1999). For Shellis & Duckworth (1994), the fluoride available topically is absorbed by the microorganism and, inside, it interferes in the enzymatic activity and in the control of the intracellular pH, reducing the production of acids. Newbrun (1989b) found that adding fluor to water reduces the prevalence of caries in adults by 20 to 40%. The interruption of water fluoridation ceases the preventive effect.

 

 

Dental cavity

At the beginning of the 20th century, dental caries was a public health problem in most parts of the planet. The populations lived with infection, pain, suffering and mutilation. The discovery of the preventive effect of fluoride transformed it, throughout the century, into the main agent used to fight the disease around the world. In several countries and also in Brazil, fluorinated products have been identified as the main responsible for the observed decline in the prevalence of caries. In Brazil, pioneering studies carried out in the 50s and 60s corroborated the preventive effectiveness of fluoride enrichment in waters. In the period 1986-1996, with 42% of the population receiving fluoridated water, the decline in caries prevalence among 12-year-olds was 53%. In addition to fluoridated water, toothpastes are currently widely used as vehicles for the use of fluoride in public health. This article discusses historical aspects of fluoride use, some epidemiological characteristics of dental caries in Brazil, and prospects for the continued use of fluoride products in the coming decades.

 

At the beginning of the 20th century, Frederick McKay was a young dentist looking for a good place to work in the United States. In 1901 he left Philadelphia and, crossing the country, went to Colorado. He entered the history of public health. At the end of the 20th century, he is recognized by specialists as one of the most important names in the fight against dental caries - still the main problem of collective oral health. Brazilians, like other peoples, must also be grateful to McKay. But what made McKay go down in history and what do Brazilians have to do with it? According to Burt (1974) this is one of the most fascinating stories in public health. In taking stock of the main public health achievements of the 20th century, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 1999b) identified the fluoridation of public water supplies among the ten most important (CDC, 1999b). What motivates this fascination and this inclusion among the top ten? This is what is presented in this article.

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